Effects of carbon sources on production performance, enzymatic efficiency and biochemical indices of Nile tilapia under biofloc culture system

Nudrat Aslam; Abdul Mateen; Kainat Zahra; Amna Abbas; . Dureshahwar; Sania Rubab; Salyha Razaq

doi:10.17017/j.fish.829

Nudrat Aslam Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Abdul Mateen Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Kainat Zahra Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Amna Abbas Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
. Dureshahwar Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Sania Rubab Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Salyha Razaq Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.829

Keywords: antioxidant activity, biofloc technology, carbon source, fish growth, immune system

Abstract

Biofloc technology (BFT) is a sustainable aquaculture system based on the principle of nutrient recycling. This study evaluated the effects of starch, molasses and corn flour as carbon sources on water quality, growth performance, proximate body composition, hematological indices, immune responses and antioxidant status of Nile tilapia in biofloc system. A 12-week trial was conducted with juvenile Nile tilapia (25.3 ± 0.6 g), which were randomly assigned to four treatments. The treatments were BFT with corn flour (BFT+CF), molasses (BFT+M), starch (BFT+S) and a control group. Physicochemical parameters of water were affected by the carbon sources but remained within the optimal range for tilapia culture, with the highest biofloc volume (34.1 mL L^–1) observed in BFT+M. Growth performance was significantly increased in BFT+M, which yielded the superior weight gain (125 g), survival rate (99.03%) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (17.1). Proximate analysis revealed the highest crude protein levels in fish reared under BFT+M and BFT+S. Hematological parameters (hematocrit, hemoglobin, WBCs and RBCs) and non-specific immune responses (albumin, globulin, immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity) were significantly improved in BFT+M and BFT+S groups compared to the control. In conclusion, the supplementation of biofloc system with molasses and starch as carbon sources significantly improved growth performance, hematology, immunity and antioxidant capacity of Nile tilapia.

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