Investigation on changing pattern of health status of juvenile Hypophthalmichthys molitrix from farming systems in Bangladesh
Abstract
An experiment was carried out to investigate the health status of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix among three different fish farms at Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Fish sampling and water quality parameters were collected on a monthly basis. Samples of skin, muscle, gills, liver and kidney were examined through histological technique. Results from water quality parameters suggested that water temperature had a distinct effect on fish health of H. molitrix, which was mostly evident during the colder months. Infectious symptoms were usually evident in July to October and the severity of pathology was increased in November and December. These were evident from their clinical signs that include scale loss, haemorrhagic lesion, and reddish spots or from their histopathological symptoms such as necrosis, pyknosis, inflammation, haemorrhage, hypertrophy, missing of gill lamellae, vacuums, tubular and pillar cells degeneration, inflammation, clubbing, and suspected bacterial colonies. Results suggest that the health condition of the fishes from BAU fish farm was the best over the other two farms, whereas Government fish farm followed by NGO fish farm were severely affected with EUS, protozoan and bacterial infection. Moreover, internal organs like liver and kidney were more affected than skin, muscle and gills.
References
Afifi SH (1996) Histopathology of catfish, mud barbell Clarias mossambicus infected with Trypanosoma markewitschi under laboratory conditions. Assiut of Veterinary Medicine Journal 35: 70, 72-83.
Ahmed GU and Hoque MA (1999) Mycotic involvement in epizootic ulcerative syndrome of freshwater fishes of Bangladesh: a histopathological study. Asian Fisheries Science, Philippines 12: 381-390.
Ahmed GU, Parveen R and Sultana S (2004) Disease investigation of small indigenous fishes from Killa Beel in Mymensingh area. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 2(2): 305-311.
Ahmed GU and Haque MM (1998) Occurrence of dermatomycosis in Labeo rohita (Hamilton) in floating ponds- a preliminary histopathological study. Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries 9(1-2): 65-67.
Akter S, Ahmed GU, Roy MK and Akter N (2006) Investigation of the diseases of some small indigenous fish species from Ailee Beel, Mymensingh. Progressive Agriculture 17(1): 219-225.
Arthur JR and Subasinghe RP (2002) Potential adverse socio-economic and biological impacts of aquatic animal pathogens due to hatchery based enhancement of inland open water systems and possibilities for their minimization. P. 113-126. In: Arthur J R, Philliphs M J, Subasinghe R P, Reantaso M B and Macrae I H. (eds.) Primary aquatic Animal Health Care in Rural, Small-scale, Aquaculture Development. FAO Fisheries Technical. Paper. No. 406.
Barua G (1994) The status of epizootic ulcerative syndrome of fish of Bangladesh. ODA Regional seminar on epizootic ulcerative syndrome at Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand, 25-27 January 1995, pp. 13-20.
Bauer ON, Musselius VA and Strelkov YA (1973) Diseases of pond fishes. Translated from Russian by the Israel Program for Scienullc Translations Ltd. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia. 220 pp.
Chinabut S (1994) EUS in Thailand. ODA regional seminar on epizootic ulcerative syndrome at Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute, Bangkok. Thailand. January 1994. pp. 58-60.
Chowdhury MBR (1993) Research priorities for microbial fish disease and its control in Bangladesh. In: Proceeding of the Workshop on Research Priorities of Bangladesh for fish health, disease prevention and pathology. May 17, edited by Alan Tollervey. pp. 8-11.
Chowdhury MBR (1998) Involvement of aeromonad and pseudomonads in diseases of farmed fish in Bangladesh. Fish Pathology 33: 247-254.
Chowdhury MBR, Islam MA, Hossain MI, Sarker MA and Mojumder B (1999) Involvement of aeromonads in ulcer disease in firmed fishes. Bangladesh Agricultural University Research Progress 10: 140-146.
Duijn CV (1973) Diseases of fishes. Butter worth & Co. Ltd. London, 88 king’s way, WC. 2 B6ATB. 372 pp.
El-Matbouli M and Hoffmann RW (1991) Experimental transmission of Myxobolus cerebralis and Myxobolus pavlovskii and the development in tubificids. Fischerei- Forschung 29: 70-75.
He L, Zou W, Cai C, Ai X and He J (1992) A study on pathogen of our-breaking infectious diseases of fishes in Shashi, District. Freshwater Fisheries 3:13-16. (In Chinese).
Hilaire St, Mander B, Bayley A and Gardiner R (2005) Ulcer diseases in common carp fisheries in the UK. Fish Veterinary Journal 8: 111-106.
Hoque MA (1998) Histopathological study of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) in Indian major carps from Mymensingh areas of Bangladesh. M.S. Thesis, Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh. 56 pp.
Hoque MA, Ahmed GU, Rasid H, Sabur MA and Islam MJ (1999) Histopathological study of EUS in an Indian major carp Catla catla. Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries 22 (2): 85-91.
Islam MA (1989) Bangladesh Agricultural Sector Review. Bangladesh Agricultural Performances and Policies Compendium. Vol. II, Sub sector of Agriculture. UNDP 110-113.
Islam MJ (1999) Investigation into Carp diseases through histopathological observations. MS. Thesis of the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 79 p.
Islam MJ, Ahmed GU, Islam T, Hoque MA and Sarker MGA (1999) Gill pathology of carps from farming system of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries 22 (2): 113 - 118.
Laird CA and Page LM (1996) Non-native fishes inhabiting the streams and lakes of Illinois. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 35(1):1-51.
Lucky Z (1978) Occurrence of Myxobolus pavlovskii, the parasite of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis in fish ponds in Czechoslovkia. Acta Veterinarian 47(3-4): 203-271.
Mahboob S and Sheri AN (1997) Growth performance of major, common and some Chinese carps under composite culture system with special reference to pond fertilization. Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics 12: 201-207.
Mi R, Tao B, Wang X and Xie B (1993) Changes of the hematological physiology indexes of 00753, USA. pp. 6-10.
Moniruzzam M (2000) Investigation on disease of some small indigenous freshwater fishes of Bangladesh. An MS. thesis of the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 20-35 pp.
Noga EJ and Dykstra MJ (1986) Ooymcete fungi associated with ulcerative mycosis in menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus (Loatrobe). Journal of Fish Diseases 9: 47-53.
Palisoc FP (1990) Histopathology of the epizootic ulcerative syndrome positive snakehead Ophicephalus striatus from Leguna lake, Philippines, p.22. Abstracts from the symposium on diseases in Asian Aquaculture, 26-29 November, 1990. Bali, Indonesia. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila.
Post DG (1987) Textbook of fish health. T. F. H. Publications, Inc. Ltd. 211 West Sylvania Avenue, Neptune City, NJ.
Rahman MM and Chowdhury MBR (1996) Isolation of bacterial pathogen causing an ulcer disease in farmed carp fishes of Mymensingh. Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries 19: 103-110.
Ram RN and Singh SK (1988) Carbofuran induced histopathological and biochemical changes in liver of the teleost fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch). Ecotoxicology Environmental Safety 16 (3): 194 -201.
Ribelin WE and Migaki G (1975) The pathology of fishes. The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin 1004 pp.
Rodgers HD and Drinan EM (1993) Observation of a rickettsia like organism in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in Ireland. Journal of Fish Diseases 16: 361-369.
Roy MK, Ahmed GU, Akter S and Akter N (2006) Study of health condition of small indigenous freshwater fishes of Ailee beel, Mymensingh. Progressive Agriculture 17 (1): 201-209.
Srivastava CB (1975) Fish pathological Studies in India. A brief review of Dr. B.S. Chauhan Comm. pp. 349-358.
Yu Yi and Wu B (1992) Histopathological changes : studies on the twist disease of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. Journal of Zhejiwg. Coll. Fish Zhjiang Sulichan Xueyuan Xuebao 11 : 95-67.
